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Polity & Governance

Counterfeit Keytruda Market in India: Healthcare Governance and Access Challenges

Indian Express - ExplainedPrelims · HealthMains · GS2 Governance

An investigation reveals a thriving black market for Keytruda, an expensive immunotherapy cancer drug, due to systemic loopholes and affordability issues, highlighting critical gaps in India's healthcare governance and drug access mechanisms.

  • Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is an immunotherapy drug manufactured by Merck & Co, priced at over Rs 1.5 lakh per 100 mg vial, making it unaffordable for most Indian patients, leading to a counterfeit market.
  • Checkpoint inhibitors like Keytruda block PD-1 receptors on T cells, enabling the immune system to attack cancer cells, offering targeted treatment with fewer side effects compared to chemotherapy.
  • GS2-Governance: The counterfeit market thrives due to hospital-level breaches, insider involvement, and lack of regulatory oversight, exposing systemic failures in drug distribution and healthcare governance.

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Polity & GovernanceGS2

Political Representation and Social Justice: Evaluating BJP's Affirmative Action Policies

Indian Express - OpinionPrelims · PolityMains · GS2 Polity and constitution

The BJP government's appointment of Droupadi Murmu as India's first tribal woman President and passage of the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam mark significant steps in social justice and political representation, contrasting with historical delays in implementing affirmative action policies by previous governments.

International RelationsGS2

EconomyGS3

MSME Resilience Amid Global Crises: Policy Lessons for Economic Stability

Livemint - EconomyPrelims · EconomyMains · GS3 Economy

India's MSME sector, contributing 31.1% to GDP and employing 328.2 million, weathered successive global shocks from COVID-19 to geopolitical conflicts, highlighting both vulnerabilities and policy effectiveness in sustaining critical economic pillars.